What is it?

Lyme disease is an infectious disease caused by a spirochete (bacteria) called Borrelia burgdorferi, transmitted by the bite of the deer tick called Ixodes dammini. The disease was first described in the town of Old Lyme in Connecticut, hence the name.

What are the symptoms?

The child presents with pain and swelling of the knee (although it can affect other joints). There is usually a history of time spent in the woods. The patient may remember having a circular rash that migrates, associated with joint pain, malaise and headaches.

What does your doctor do about it?

The diagnosis is confirmed by testing for elevated titers (elevated levels) of antibodies IgM and IgG against Borrelia burgdorferi. The sedimentation rate is also elevated. Treatment is by use of Penicillin or tetracycline.